{"id":1775,"date":"2023-11-15T07:55:39","date_gmt":"2023-11-15T07:55:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/?p=1775"},"modified":"2023-11-18T01:08:51","modified_gmt":"2023-11-18T01:08:51","slug":"istio-ambient-install-eks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/istio-ambient-install-eks\/","title":{"rendered":"Implement Istio Ambient Mesh on EKS in 5 Steps"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>We have already covered an <a href=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/what-is-istio-ambient-mesh\/\">introduction to Istio ambient mesh<\/a> and shown <a href=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/istio-ambient-mesh-vs-sidecar\/\">how ambient mesh is different from the default sidecar architecture<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ambient mesh is a new, sidecar-less data plane mode for implementing Istio. It divides the L4 and L7 functionalities of Istio into 2 components \u2014 ztunnels and waypoint proxies, respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ztunnel is a light-weight, Rust agent that runs on each node (daemon). It takes care of encrypting traffic using mTLS and provides TCP metrics and L4 authorization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Waypoint proxies are Envoy proxies that can be deployed for services requiring advanced L7 telemetry, authorization, and network management (canary deployment, circuit breaking, retries, timeout, failover, etc.).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/istio-ambient-mesh-architecture.png\" alt=\"Istio ambient mesh architecture\" class=\"wp-image-1776\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/istio-ambient-mesh-architecture.png 960w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/istio-ambient-mesh-architecture-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/istio-ambient-mesh-architecture-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/istio-ambient-mesh-architecture-400x225.png 400w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/istio-ambient-mesh-architecture-800x450.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Istio ambient mesh architecture<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here, we will see how to install Istio ambient mesh, implement L4 authorization, and introduce waypoint proxies for L7 processing, on AWS EKS. (Note that ambient mesh is not ready for production rollout for now.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Steps to install Istio ambient mesh on EKS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u2019m using Istio v1.19.3 and following the below steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#istio-ambient-mesh\">Step #1: Install Istio ambient mesh<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#ingress-gateway\">Step #2: Deploy services, ingress gateway, and virtualService<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#onboard-services\">Step #3: Onboard services to ambient mesh<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#l4-auth\">Step #4: Implement L4 authorization using ztunnel<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#waypoint-proxy\">Step #5: Introduce waypoint proxy for L7 authorization<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>You can see all the configurations on the <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/imesh-ai\/webinar\/tree\/main\/Getting%20Started%20with%20Istio%20Ambient%20Mesh%20In%20AWS%20EKS\">IMESH GitHub folder<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you would like to watch the steps in action, check out the following video:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Implementing Istio Ambient Mesh on AWS EKS | Istio | Demo | IMESH\" width=\"1130\" height=\"636\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1WAfdBKE9ZY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading istio-ambient-mesh\" id=\"istio-ambient-mesh\">Step #1: Install Istio ambient mesh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To install Istio ambient mesh, we need to set the profile to <em>ambient<\/em>. Otherwise, it will install the default Istio with sidecars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Additionally, DevOps and architects can install Gateway API or classic ingress by adding it to the ambient mesh installation command. I\u2019m using the classic Istio ingress here:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>istioctl install --set profile=ambient --set \"components.ingressGateways&#91;0].enabled=true\" --set \"components.ingressGateways&#91;0].name=istio-ingressgateway\"&nbsp;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>It will install Istio core, Istiod, CNI, Ztunnel, and an ingress gateway, in <em>istio-system<\/em> namespace. You can have multiple gateways by modifying <em>ingressGateways[0] <\/em>in the command.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, check the pods in <em>istio-system <\/em>to verify the deployments:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl get pods -n istio-system -o wide<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that the number of Istio CNI and ztunnel pods will be corresponding to the number of nodes in your cluster, as they are daemon sets. I have 2 nodes in my EKS cluster, so 2 ztunnels and Istio CNI pods each:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"491\" height=\"103\" src=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ztunnel-and-Istio-CNI-deployed-per-node.png\" alt=\"Ztunnel and Istio CNI deployed per node\" class=\"wp-image-1777\" style=\"aspect-ratio:4.766990291262136;width:779px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ztunnel-and-Istio-CNI-deployed-per-node.png 491w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ztunnel-and-Istio-CNI-deployed-per-node-300x63.png 300w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ztunnel-and-Istio-CNI-deployed-per-node-400x84.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading ingress-gateway\" id=\"ingress-gateway\">Step #2: Deploy services, gateway, and VirtualService<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There are 2 services: <em>echoserver-service-1 <\/em>(<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/imesh-ai\/webinar\/blob\/main\/Getting%20Started%20with%20Istio%20Ambient%20Mesh%20In%20AWS%20EKS\/demo-deployment-1.yaml\"><em>demo-deployment-1.yaml<\/em><\/a>)<em> <\/em>and <em>echoserver-service-2<\/em> (<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/imesh-ai\/webinar\/blob\/main\/Getting%20Started%20with%20Istio%20Ambient%20Mesh%20In%20AWS%20EKS\/demo-deployment-2.yaml\"><em>demo-deployment-2.yaml<\/em><\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u2019m creating a namespace called <em>ambient <\/em>and deploying the services in the namespace:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl create ns ambient\nkubectl apply -f .\\demo-deployment-1.yaml\nkubectl apply -f .\\demo-deployment-2.yaml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, to make the services accessible from the outside of the cluster, I\u2019m deploying the Istio ingress gateway (<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/imesh-ai\/webinar\/blob\/main\/Getting%20Started%20with%20Istio%20Ambient%20Mesh%20In%20AWS%20EKS\/demo-gateway.yaml\"><em>demo-gateway.yaml<\/em><\/a>) and a VirtualService (<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/imesh-ai\/webinar\/blob\/main\/Getting%20Started%20with%20Istio%20Ambient%20Mesh%20In%20AWS%20EKS\/demo-virtualservice.yaml\">demo-virtualservice.yaml<\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl apply -f .\\demo-gateway.yaml\nkubectl apply -f .\\demo-virtualservice.yaml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The VirtualService is configured in a way that it will listen to <em>\/echo1 <\/em>and <em>\/echo2 <\/em>and route the traffic to <em>echoserver-service-1<\/em> and <em>echoserver-service-2<\/em>, respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Run the following command to get the IP\/DNS name of the application to access it from the outside of the cluster:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl get svc -n istio-system<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>It will show the external IP of <em>istio-ingressgateway<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"816\" height=\"47\" src=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/external-IP-for-Istio-ingress-gateway.png\" alt=\"External IP for Istio ingress gateway\" class=\"wp-image-1778\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/external-IP-for-Istio-ingress-gateway.png 816w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/external-IP-for-Istio-ingress-gateway-300x17.png 300w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/external-IP-for-Istio-ingress-gateway-768x44.png 768w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/external-IP-for-Istio-ingress-gateway-400x23.png 400w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/external-IP-for-Istio-ingress-gateway-800x46.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 816px) 100vw, 816px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>You can now access the services from your browser using <em>your_external_ip\/echo1 <\/em>and <em>your_external_ip\/echo2<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading onboard-services\" id=\"onboard-services\">Step #3: Onboarding services to ambient mesh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Until now, I haven\u2019t done any Istio-specific configurations. The requests are going from the ingress to services without being encrypted, because the services are not part of the ambient mesh, yet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because of that, no new entries will pop up in ztunnel logs even when I access the services from the browser. We can check ztunnel logs using the command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl log -f -l app=ztunnel -n istio-system<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Making services part of the Istio ambient mesh is fairly simple. Follow the command to label and onboard the namespace to ambient:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl label ns ambient istio.io\/dataplane-mode=ambient<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the major benefits of Istio ambient mesh here is that the pods need not be restarted when they are being part of the mesh, unlike sidecars. In the sidecar architecture, pods require a restart when the sidecar container is being injected into it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After labeling the namespace to ambient mode, you will see ztunnel logs showing new entries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading l4-auth\" id=\"l4-auth\">Step #4: Implement L4 authorization using ztunnel<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>We saw that both <em>echoserver-service-1 <\/em>and <em>echoserver-service-2 <\/em>are accessible from the outside through ingress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To check if the services are accessible from within the cluster, I\u2019m deploying a <em>sleep <\/em>(<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/imesh-ai\/webinar\/blob\/main\/Getting%20Started%20with%20Istio%20Ambient%20Mesh%20In%20AWS%20EKS\/sleep.yaml\"><em>sleep.yaml<\/em><\/a>)<em> <\/em>service to the <em>ambient <\/em>namespace and doing a <em>curl <\/em>command to <em>echoserver-service-1<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl apply -f .\\sleep.yaml\nkubectl get pods -n ambient\nkubectl exec -it your_sleep_pod_name -n ambient -- bash\n# curl echoserver-service-1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The request is going through to <em>echoserver-service-1<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"432\" height=\"381\" src=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/accessing-service-from-within-the-cluster.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1779\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.1338582677165354;width:506px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/accessing-service-from-within-the-cluster.png 432w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/accessing-service-from-within-the-cluster-300x265.png 300w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/accessing-service-from-within-the-cluster-400x353.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 432px) 100vw, 432px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>The same happens for <em>echoserver-service-2<\/em> as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, I\u2019m limiting the access to <em>echoserver-service-2 <\/em>only from the ingress, i.e., from the browser. It means that the <em>sleep <\/em>service in the cluster cannot <em>curl echoserver-service-2<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The L4 authorization using ztunnel can be done by deploying <em>AuthorizationPolicy <\/em>(<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/imesh-ai\/webinar\/blob\/main\/Getting%20Started%20with%20Istio%20Ambient%20Mesh%20In%20AWS%20EKS\/demo-authorization-L4.yaml\"><em>demo-authorization-L4.yaml<\/em><\/a>)<em> <\/em>resource:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl apply -f .\\demo-authorization-L4.yaml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Both <em>echoserver-service-1 <\/em>and <em>echoserver-service-2 <\/em>will now be available from the browser using external IP. But only <em>echoserver-service-1 <\/em>will be accessible if you <em>curl <\/em>both services from the <em>sleep<\/em> service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can verify it by running the commands:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl exec -it your_sleep_pod_name -n ambient --bash\n# curl echoserver-service-2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>It will return the error status, \u201c<em>connection reset by peer<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading waypoint-proxy\" id=\"waypoint-proxy\">Step #5: Introduce waypoint proxy for L7 authorization<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L7 authorization helps DevOps and architects granularly control the actions (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) a service can perform while talking to another service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since L7 authorization requires parsing the HTTP headers of requests, it needs a waypoint proxy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I\u2019m deploying Gateway API CRD (<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/imesh-ai\/webinar\/blob\/main\/Getting%20Started%20with%20Istio%20Ambient%20Mesh%20In%20AWS%20EKS\/gateway-api.yaml\"><em>gateway-api.yaml<\/em><\/a>) before installing the waypoint proxy, since the waypoint proxy uses Gateway API:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl apply -f .\\gateway-api.yaml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, run the following command to create a waypoint proxy for <em>echoserver-serice-1 <\/em>using its service account name, <em>echo-service-account-1<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>istioctl x waypoint apply --service-account echo-service-account-1 -n ambient<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You can verify it by running the command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl get gtw -A<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>It will show the service name for which the waypoint is programmed and show the status as <em>True<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"539\" height=\"40\" src=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/waypoint-proxy-programmed-for-the-service-in-the-ambient-namespace.png\" alt=\"waypoint proxy programmed for the service in the ambient namespace\" class=\"wp-image-1780\" style=\"aspect-ratio:13.475;width:775px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/waypoint-proxy-programmed-for-the-service-in-the-ambient-namespace.png 539w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/waypoint-proxy-programmed-for-the-service-in-the-ambient-namespace-300x22.png 300w, https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/waypoint-proxy-programmed-for-the-service-in-the-ambient-namespace-400x30.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 539px) 100vw, 539px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Now, apply the <em>AuthorizationPolicy <\/em>resource (<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/imesh-ai\/webinar\/blob\/main\/Getting%20Started%20with%20Istio%20Ambient%20Mesh%20In%20AWS%20EKS\/demo-authorization-L7.yaml\"><em>demo-authorization-L7.yaml<\/em><\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>kubectl apply -f .\\demo-authorization-L7.yaml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The <em>AuthorizationPolicy <\/em>configures <em>echoserver-service-1 <\/em>to be accessible only from the <em>sleep <\/em>pod. And it allows only the GET method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trying other methods, like a HEAD method (<em>curl -I echoserver-service-1)<\/em>, will receive a \u201c<em>403 Forbidden<\/em>\u201d<em> <\/em>response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also, the application will no longer be available from the browser, i.e., through the ingress. It will return \u201c<em>RBAC: access denied<\/em>\u201d status.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And that is the end of the tutorial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evaluate Istio ambient mesh for your non-prod environments<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At IMESH, we support DevOps and architects to run Istio at scale without any of its operational complexities. Since Istio ambient mesh is nearing beta and safe for production rollout, we also provide dedicated POC on ambient mesh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/contact-us.html\">Talk to us<\/a> to learn more about it. Check <a href=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/managed-istio.html\">managed Istio<\/a> if you need help with Istio in production.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We have already covered an introduction to Istio ambient mesh and shown<span class=\"excerpt-more\"><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1783,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63,32],"tags":[104],"class_list":["post-1775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ambient-mesh","category-istio-service-mesh","tag-istio-ambient-mesh"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Implement Istio Ambient Mesh on EKS in 5 Steps<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A 5-step tutorial to install Istio ambient mesh on EKS along with L4 and L7 authorization.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/istio-ambient-install-eks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Implement Istio Ambient Mesh on EKS in 5 Steps\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A 5-step tutorial to install Istio ambient mesh on EKS along with L4 and L7 authorization.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/imesh.ai\/blog\/istio-ambient-install-eks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"IMESH\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-11-15T07:55:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-18T01:08:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" 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